Common Iliac Artery
Common iliac artery is the sole source of blood supply to lower extremities.
All of its branches and common iliac artery itself is paired. By definition of artery it carries the oxygenated blood and supply to the body. Right common iliac artery is longer, owing to bifurcation of aorta to the left side and measure about 5 cm in length.
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Common Iliac Vein Subclavian VeinAxillary Vein Axillary ArteryBrachial Artery Ulnar Artery Radial Artery Basilic VeinInternal Iliac Artery External Iliac VeinExternal Iliac Artery Great Saphenous Vein Femoral Artery Femoral Vein
Tibial Arteries Small Saphenous Vein Tibial Veins
Common Iliac Artery
ORIGIN
It originates from the aorta, which is the main trunk of cardiovascular system at the level of 4th lumbar vertebrae just to its left. Common iliac artery bifurcates into external and internal iliac arteries.
COURSE
It is 4cm long and more than a centimeter in diameter (5 cm in case of right iliac artery).At the end of last vertebrae it divides into external and internal arteries on respected sides.
SUPPLY
There are two main branches as cited above which takes up all the load but it do give many minute branches that supply peritoneum, muscle and tissues in the ureter region.
The major branches of common iliac artery include:
RIGHT COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
It is 5cm in length
RELATIONS
Anteriorly is covered with peritoneum and in females crossed by ovarian artery and termination of ileum.
Posteriorly it is in relation with right common iliac vein and beginning of inferior vena cava.
On Right side lies the beginning of inferior vena cava, the termination of common iliac vein and psoas muscle.
On left side is the termination of left common iliac vein, right common iliac vein and the hypogastric plexus.
REGION SUPPLIED
It supplies right side of the lower extremities via external and internal iliac arteries.
External iliac supplies much of lower limb on right side
Internal iliac artery which supplies the viscera and wall of the pelvis on right side.
LEFT COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
It is the left branch of aorta,4cm in length and supplies left lower extremity.
RELATIONS
Anteriorly there is ureter and also in relation to ovarian artery in front of it.
Posteriorly 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae, iliolumbar artery, lumbosacral plexus and the obturator nerve
On the left side psoas muscle
On the right side left common iliac vein, hypogastric plexus and the sacral artery.
REGION SUPPLIED
Supply left side of the lower extremities via external and internal iliac arteries.
External iliac supplies much of lower limb on left side
Internal iliac artery which supplies the viscera and wall of the pelvis on left side
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