Proximal Phalanges

The term phalanges or phalanx is used for the bones in the toes and fingers of hands and feet of most vertebrates. There are two phalanges in toes and thumbs while three phalanges in other digits in humans and monkeys. The phalanges are named with their aspect of being proximal or distal. The term proximal phalanx is used for those bones that are closest to hand or foot. Similarly, distal phalanges are those bones that lie farthest away from hand and foot.

Proximal Phalanges

In hands and feet the proximal phalanges are joined with metacarpals and metatarsals respectively. The phalanges have a central part, called the body, and two extremities; proximal extremity and distal extremity.

DEVELOPMENT

Phalanges Formula is expressed for the number of digits beginning from proximal. This formula is used to compare the number of phalanges in different animals. There are fourteen phalanges in each hand; three in long fingers and two in each thumb.

FRACTURES

There are three injuries to phalanges generally which are; Open bone fracture, Close none fracture and Luxation. Serious injuries to proximal phalanges require surgery.

FUNCTION

The function of phalanges is to provide stability to foot, dexterity to foot and to evenly disperse the body weight. As they are in toes of foot so they provide them with leverage and also enlarge the weight bearing area of foot.

The phalanges in fingers allow the hand to pick up things or generally allow the movements.

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