ANATOMY

Superficial Temporal Artery is the small artery of the two branches that divide from the External Carotid Artery. It appears to be a continuation of the External Carotid Artery based on its direction. It begins in the Parotid Gland (major salivary gland) substance, Neck of the Mandible (bone forming the lower jaw and holds lower teeth in place) and passes over the Zygomatic process (Arched process originating from the lower part of Temporal Bone) of the Temporal Bone for 5 cm. above the Zygomatic process it divides into two branches i.e.

• Frontal (Forehead)

• Parietal (Sides of Head)

Crossing the Zygomatic process it is covered by the Auricularis Anterior Muscle (small muscle surrounding outer ear) and dense Fascia. Temporal and Zygomatic branches of the facial nerve and one or two vein cross the Superficial Temporal Artery. Superficial Temporal Artery communicates with the Supraorbital Artery of the Internal Carotid Artery.

FUNCTION

The main function of the Superficial Temporal Artery is to supply oxygenated blood from the Heart to the Neck and Head regions. Its pulse is examined above the Zygomatic Arch.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Since it is a major artery in the Head and Neck region, damage or blockage can cause serious health problems. Superficial Temporal Artery rarely develop Aneurysms (blood filled bulge). Along with the Occipital Artery, Superficial Temporal Artery is associated with Chronic Migraine Headaches.