Tongue
The tongue is a muscular organ that forms part of the floor of the oral cavity. It is used in the process of mastication and is the primary organ for taste by the taste buds which cover the tongue in the form of papillae. It is sensitive and kept moist by saliva, and is richly supplied with nerves and blood vessels.
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Tongue
Another use of the tongue is for the articulation of sound to form words. The tongue also helps keep the teeth clean. It was once thought that the taste process occurred only for each taste on different parts of the tongue for each different taste. This was proven to not be true by Virginia Collings in her 1974 study that showed results of the tongue being able to taste any variety of flavors on any part of the tongue. This study was able to prove that all the tastes exists on all the parts of the tongue. The tongue has taste receptor cells located in clusters within the taste buds on the surface. There may be as many as 50-150 receptor cells within an individual taste bud. Taste buds have nerves that respond to chemicals from food which cause a taste sensation to occur. There are five fundamental taste sensations which are listed as follows. Five Taste Sensations: Salty Sweet Sour (acid) Bitter Umami ( which represents amino acids) Each receptor cell is sensitive to a particular taste. The total flavor of the food comes from taste, touch, smell, texture, and temperature sensations. Small taste buds located on the tongue’s surface transmit these flavor sensations to the nervous system.
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