ANATOMY

Separated by Central Sulcus from the Parietal Lobe it is situated on the lateral surface of brain. Lateral Sulcus separates it from the Temporal Lobe. It is divided into four parts which consist of specific Gyri (ridge on Cerebral Cortex). These four parts are as follows.

• Lateral Part, consists of Precentral Gyrus

• Polar Part, consisting of Transverse Front Polar Gyri and Front marginal Gyri.

• Orbital Part, it has Lateral orbital gyrus, Anterior Orbital Gyrus, Posterior Orbital Gyrus, Medial Orbital Gyrus and Gyrus Rectus.

• Medial Part, it consists of Superior Frontal Gyrus and Cingulate Gyrus.

FUNCTION

Its superior functions include the ability to percept future results base on the current actions to choose between good and bad actions, control the socially unacceptable responses and also distinguish similarities and differences between things and events. It also preserves long term memories mostly associated with emotions. With the help of Psychological tests it is measured that Frontal Lobe functions also include finger tapping, measure of verbal and figuring fluency, and Wisconsin Card sorting task (Cognitive Flexibility).

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Blockage of blood flow and rupturing of blood vessels in brain can cause damage to the frontal Lobe in diseases like Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) or strokes. Other diseases related to the Frontal Lobes include Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Frontal Lobe Epilepsy.